Bacteria are single-celled organisms that can hardly be seen under a microscope. There are thousands of bacteria and they live in all environments of the world. Bacteria have been reported to live in soil, seawater, deep underground and even radioactive waste. Many bacteria live in human and animal skin, respiratory tract, mouth, gastrointestinal tract, urethra, and genitals without damaging the host. These bacteria are called endemic microbes or flora.
What is a bacterium?
This is a small creature that cannot be seen with the naked eye. On the other hand, there are bacteria such as Bacillus nato that are beneficial to human life. The human body has different types of bacteria that maintain the surface of the skin and the environment of the intestines.
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are known bacteria that can cause disease in humans.
Antibiotics (antibiotics, antibiotics) are drugs that kill bacteria.
Bacteria that are ineffective or difficult to respond to antibacterial drugs are called drug-resistant bacteria. If the antibacterial drugs that should have worked in the past were not effective, not only would it be difficult to treat the infection, but it would also be difficult to treat a variety of treatments, such as preventing infection during surgery and weakening the immunity from drug treatment. Against cancer … come back
Bacterial classification
v Scientific name
Like other organisms, bacteria are classified by genus (classification based on similar properties) as well as by species. The scientific name consists of a genus name and a species name (for example, the scientific name is Clostridium Botulinum Clostridium botulinum). Different types of species are called species. The strains vary in genetic and chemical structure, and some drugs and vaccines may only work against certain species.
v Staining
When treated with a specific chemical (dye), bacteria are classified according to the color difference. The usual method of painting is called hot spot. Bacteria that are stained in color are called gram-positive bacteria. Bacteria that are red in color are called gram-negative bacteria. Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria stain different colors due to differences in cell walls. Depending on the type of bacteria, the types of infections that occur and the types of effective antibacterial drugs also vary.
v Shape
Bacteria are also classified into basic forms and there are three types: spherical (stitch), rod (bacillus) and spiral (spirochete).
v Oxygen Demand
Bacteria are also classified based on their need for oxygen to grow. Bacteria that need oxygen are called aerobic bacteria. Those whose oxygen prevents the survival and growth of bacteria are called anaerobic bacteria. Some bacteria, called voluntary anaerobes, can grow with or without oxygen.
v Gene composition
Special tests can be performed to check for differences in bacterial gene composition (genotype).
